People take on extra roles for a variety of reasons. They might need to make more money. Perhaps they want more fulfillment in their lives. Maybe they want to start a new business, or go back to school. They also might find themselves pushed into this lifestyle as companies strive for a more flexible workforce, or downsize to cut costs.
There's little doubt that doing multiple jobs, or being in multiple roles, can be challenging. In this article, we'll explore the benefits and disadvantages of doing more than one job, and we'll discuss how to cope with the challenges.
Examples of Multiple Jobs
Managing two careers or roles doesn't have to mean working a day shift and a night shift – at least, not anymore. Here are a few scenarios:
Working part time
An accountant has two part-time accounting jobs with two small firms, neither of which has enough work to offer a full-time position.
Donating time
A marketing executive works four days a week for a large advertising firm, but works unpaid on Fridays for her favorite nonprofit to help with their fund-raising and marketing.
Wearing "two hats" in one place
A recent MBA graduate works for a medium-sized consulting firm. She spends half of her time as an internal HR manager, but the other half doing client work.
Gaining experience
An ambitious bank teller wants to earn a promotion within the next two years, but has no experience of managing people. He takes a Saturday job as manager of the coffee bar at his local sports center. He's able to get this job, because the center manager recognizes that taking charge of a couple of people serving coffee doesn't require years of experience, but it gives our bank teller a great opportunity to build his résumé.
This article is about people working two or more part-time jobs at separate times of day or of the week. We strongly disapprove of "daylighting", which is the practice of doing freelance work or working for another organization during the time you're being paid by your main employer. This is profoundly unethical, is potentially illegal, and is a breach of trust that could, quite legitimately, lead to dismissal.
Be careful not to slip into this, and be totally transparent, particularly if it’s part of your job to work from home.
Benefits and Disadvantages
In his 2001 book "The Elephant and the Flea," UK professor, speaker, and author Charles Handy calls doing multiple jobs "the portfolio life."
For Handy, managing several different roles is about seamlessly blending work and life together. A weekly schedule might be made up of a mix of activities, similar to someone's investment portfolio. Some activities would be for money, some for personal interest, and still others would be to give back to the community.
According to Handy, a portfolio lifestyle will become much more common in the future, as people seek a better work/life balance.
However, the realities of working multiple jobs can be complex. Let's look at the disadvantages first:
- You need excellent time management skills, so that you do all jobs well.
- Your performance in all of your roles could suffer if you end up working too many hours each week. You'll end up being too tired to give your best.
- It may be difficult to get a day off from all roles at the same time.
- Your employer may not permit you to have a second job, or to do freelance work in the same, or even an unrelated, field – particularly if you work at your main job full time.
So, what are the benefits of doing multiple jobs?
- Firstly, and most obviously, you have the opportunity to increase your income.
- If you have two separate jobs (like consulting, or multiple part-time jobs), then your income could be more secure than with just one job. If one company goes out of business, for example, you'll still have income from other work.
- Working two jobs or managing two roles can be refreshing. You get to see new people, and cope with different responsibilities. This means that you'll be less likely to get bored, or overly irritated the little problems go along with everyday work in any workplace.
- You might get to learn an entirely new set of skills, and you can extend your professional network – both of which could further your career at some point.
- It's a great way of starting your own business. You can keep income coming in at the same time that you get your business up and running.
- You might discover that your company loves the fact that you're in multiple roles. And they might be more than happy to offer a flexible schedule to help you accomplish your goals. Many companies do this – for instance, with Olympic and Paralympic athletes.
Making the Most of the Advantages
Doing two jobs can open up plenty of opportunities. And there are several ways to take advantage of them.
First, you might find that one of your roles will improve the other, either through skills learned, through networking, or just through a break from the routine. Managing multiple responsibilities like this can actually help you do both jobs better. So, keep your eyes open for this possibility.
Another advantage is that your clients in one role could easily become your clients in your other role. You might work in IT for a large company, and then get hired to do a related job in the other organization.
Coping with Challenges
How can you cope with the challenges that are sure to arise when you start working multiple jobs?
- Try to choose a second job that really interests you. The more passionate you are about what you're doing, the easier your schedule will be.
- If you're balancing multiple roles, it might be helpful to schedule your day in segments. This allows you to put 100% of your attention into each role for a specific amount of time. And scheduling your time this way can make you more productive.
- Switching from one role or job to the next can be difficult, especially when the thought processes and tasks are very different. For instance, you may work in an engineering support role for part of the day and then have to dress up and meet with potential sales clients in the afternoon. These transitions can be easier if you take a break in between in a "neutral" zone, like a coffee shop, for half an hour.
- Working two jobs means that you have less time than your peers to devote to each role. Therefore, staying competitive can be a real challenge. Analyze every hour of your day to see where you have free time to keep up with trends.
Tips for Working More than One Job
- Before you take a second job or begin freelancing during your spare time, make sure that it's within your contractual terms with your main employer, and that your boss is happy with it. It may not be allowed, even if it's volunteer work. Also, you'll need to be clear about intellectual property and confidentiality considerations before you start.
- If you're thinking about getting another job in addition to the one you have, then consider setting up a "trial period" first. Consider working for free, or for a reduced rate, to get some experience – and see if you really like it, and if it fits your lifestyle.
- Ensure that you still make time for yourself and your family, especially if you have to move physically between workplaces during the work day. You may end up having to leave for one office early and get back from the other office late in order to do the job. Doing this can easily lead to burnout.
- If you have two jobs in one organization, try to stick to a regular schedule. This will help you keep interruptions, phone calls, and meetings to times when you're "doing" the related role. And, if appropriate, set up separate signature files in your email account to indicate which "hat you're wearing" when you send each message.